مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1393)

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is an aggressive fungal disease that involves the nose, par nasal sinuses, orbit and central nervous system. It may rapidly be fatal. The major route of infection is inhalation. This infection usually occurs secondary to immune suppression, diabetic ketoacidosis, and prolonged use of antibiotics, steroids, etc.Case report: We presented two cases of rhino cerebral mucormycosis with same presentation. Both patients had underlying disease (diabetes or immune deficiency). The symptoms began including colds and sinusitis and was accompanied by pain and swelling in face. Smear of necrotic tissue showed branching nonseptated mycelium in favor of mucosal. These patients were treated Included Medical therapy with amphotericin-B and surgical treatment was undertaken to drain the sinuses. The diagnosis of rhino cerebral mucormycosis should be considered in the hospital indiabetic patients. Early diagnosis and treatment, treatment of the underlying disease are crucial factors leading to a good outcome.

Introduction and The study examined the effect of health education on student's awareness, attitudes and sense of danger about the prevention of new-born diseases. This is a quasi-experimental study that carried out among 160 students about AIDS and 156 students (from 18000 students) about hepatitis B and C through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Instrument for data gathering was a self-designed questionnaire on the basis of the goals of the study. Content validity was confirmed by expert group and reliability had been measured by Cornbrash’s alpha of about 80%. Questionnaire with 40 questions that once before training and once after training were distributed among students. The obtained data was analyzed by spss16 software and MC Nemar & Wilcoxon test. Results showed that in this study mean of high risk behavior about new-born diseases is 14.5±4.2 with maximum33 and minimum 2. There was a significant difference between student's knowledge and attitudes about the prevention of AIDS before and after training (P<0.001). In this way the knowledge about transmission in crowded places between step capture (before and after) was not significantly different (P =0.12). There was a significant difference between attitudes and feelings of students at risk for disease prevention of hepatitis B and hepatitis C before and after training (P<0.001). With attention to the impact of education on preventing cases of new-born diseases in students and young people, establishing culture with continuous use of the training process is required which can fill the gap between health information and health practices.

Introduction and Cancer is the third leading cause of death after Coronary Artery Disease and accidents in Iran. This Research has been carried out to Study the epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers (Stomach, esophageal, colorectal) in Markazi province during 2005-2010. This is an analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out on cancer registry data collected from Markazi province between 2005-2010 years. Cancer incidence adjusted based on the age structure and agespecific incidence rates were calculated. Most statistics on the Morbidity of gastric cancers in the study was 642 patients (51.2) that associated with gastric cancer and after which the CRC 444(35.4%) patients and esophageal numbers of 169 (13.5%) patients. in this study 61.8 % (801 patients) of cases in the age group 80-70 years,male, 387 cases (30.8%) and the highest 77.1% living in urban areas has been observed in terms of location. mean age at estimated time of diagnosis was 69 years. Rates age standardized incidence of digestive cancers in males and female was 141.04 and 73.39 respectively. Identification of risk factors and prevention of gastrointestinal cancers in Markazi province is required. Training programs related to the prevention of cancer in people at high risk should be presented.

Introduction and The present study tries to investigate factors influencing continuing studies among graduates of associate of health sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (SKUMS). For this descriptive-analytical study, educational profiles of all health graduates of SKUMS between 1986- 2005 were examined and the data was gathered through a researcher-developed checklist and also phone calls. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 16 using Cox regression. From 398 respondents of the study with a mean age of 22.2 ± 2.25 (range: 20-39), 140 (35.2%) were male and remaining were female. Generally, 206 (51.8%) graduates had been entered to higher education. According to Cox regression, some factors, e.g. age, gender, marital status, residency, and GPA of associate of health sciences, were significantly effective on continuing studies and some others including associate course of study, course period, and diploma GPA had no significant effect on the chance of entrance to higher education levels. Growing older, one gradually enters other living arenas like marriage, making continuing studies marginalized. Therefore, it could be assumed that the factors influencing continuing studies should be considered a whole, i.e., the circumstances should be prepared to facilitate continuing studies before growing older and facing consequent life issues.

Introduction and In today's world hazard and related risks are vary and most severity of them are so high that it is practically impossible to compensate for the resulting consequences. Risk assessment is a logical method to evaluate the hazards that discus to detect hazards and their potential impact on people, materials, equipment and the environment. The aim of this study was to identify hazards and assess the risks of different units of the Jahantormoz Company using the Frank – Morgan method. This Descriptive study was conducted at 12 unit of Jahantormoz manufacture in 2013. In this study, hazards and exist controls was identified by using hazard detection and control checklist then final comparison was conducted by calculating the total investment at risk and the overall risk. According to surveys conducted the highest and lowest hazard scores respectively were obtained from mix (215) and Central warehouse (87) units and highest and lowest control scores respectively were obtained from Perform (234) and Central warehouse (164) units. Also, highest and lowest Risk index respectively were obtained from Cutting unit (88) and central warehouse (-10) units. Finally, Packaging was dedicated highest overall risk index. Considering that the packaging unit has the highest overall risk index, this unit has priority in control and required controlling measures should be performed.

Introduction and The workers of mosaic art are susceptible to musculoskelet al disorders due to various risk factors including body posture during work, repetition of movement, old and sometimes non-ergonomic tools. The aims of this study were estimating the prevalence of musculoskelet al disorder and assessment of body posture of workers in the mosaic workers in Kerman. In this study, calling out Kerman Office of Cultural Heritage, 16 mosaic workshops and 32 mosaic workers were selected. Standardized Nordic questionnaire were completed for 26 mosaic worker. Using hierarchical task analysis, task of the mosaic profession were analyzed. After using ART posture analysis method for assessment of repetitive task, body posture of worker were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18. In this study, 18 (69.2%) males and 8 (30.8%) female were selected The mean of age (year), work experience (year) and working hours per day (hours) were subsequently 6.6, 32.9 and 11.9, respectively The highest prevalence of musculoskelet al disorders during the past 12 months was in neck with a prevalence of (66.7%), upper back with prevalence of (63.2%). The results of the ART assessment method showed that, calculated risk scores for right and left hands in the mosaic career were not equal. And risk scores in all right hand's functions was higher than left hand's ones, that these results are consistent with the results of the Nordic questionnaire. The results of posture assessment indicated that body condition of right hand were more critical than left ones, and results of ART method confirm the Nordic questionnaire results.

Introduction and Unwanted pregnancy is associated with induced abortion, Preterm birth and Low birth weight. Also produce Psychosocial, economic and health consequences for women and families and is considered as an important problem of Public health. Therefore this study had been conducted with the aim of investigate the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy and factors related with among women in Kurdistan. In this sectional study, 1134 person participated. In every city sampling ratio had been done in Maternity hospitals and other obstetric facility centers. Required data collected by interviews. Information analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 software, Chi-square statistic test and Logistic Regression. A significant relationship was found between unwanted pregnancy with age (P<0.001), education levels (P<0.001), Education levels of spouse (P= 0.003) and methods of contraception (P 0.001). And There was no significant association with unwanted pregnancy with habitat (P<0.971) and job (P= 0.55). In Analyzing by Logistic Regression, Those who were older (P =0.001) and those who had lower education (P= 0.01), being involved in Unwanted pregnancy more. Thus, there is need to raise awareness and give proper training to women and their partners with broader and more comprehensive programs. Older age and lower educational levels were associated with unwanted pregnancy. Therefore, we need a broader program to raise awareness among women and their partners.

Introduction and Tooth extraction done for any reasons has negative effect on humans psychological aspect. more ever extraction cause disorder in mastication, atheistic and speaking. The aim of this research is to study the relation frequency of extracting permanent with the reasons of it in dental clinics and Shiraz dental school in 1392 in Shiraz. This cross-sectional study has targeted 800 patients whose 2110 teeth were removed using simple sampling method among those referred to dental clinics in Shiraz. Information such as gender, age, educational level, the main cause of the tooth removal (Tooth decay, periodontal disease, prostheses, orthodontics, and also patient’s desire to do so) and type of tooth were collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS18 software and used chi-square test and logistic regression. Caries (25%), a combination of decay and periodontal problems (19.8 %), Patient’s request (11.2%) were the most common causes of tooth removal. Chi-square test showed no significant correlation between the tooth and Gender (p=0.358;χ2=11.72). Chi-square test showed a statically significant correlation between patients’ level of education and the tooth extraction. Based on the results, most of the teeth were extracted due to decay and a combination of decay and periodontal problems or patients’ request considering the fact that they could be preserved which shows the need for increasing preventive programs and further periodic examination.